2022年1月上海市春季高考英语仿真试卷（一）（原卷版+解析版 含听力文字图片）

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2022年1月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海春考 英语仿真模拟试卷（一）Listening Comprehension Section A （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.A. A laundry staff member. B.A tailor for men's clothes.C. A telephone operator D. A mine worker2. A. Driving. B. Reading. C. Shopping. D. Walking.3. A. $15. B.$5. C.$10. D.S20.4. A. A yellow light B. A road accident C. A robbery. D. A TV programme.5. A. There will be too many people at the party.B. He feels sorry that the woman is not coming.C. It makes people happier to have more parties.D. The woman can bring her brother to the party.6. A. The woman could use his ruler.B. He's faster at doing calculations.C. He will finish the measurement soon.D. The woman’s ruler is better than his.7. A. The final begins next week.B. The man should check with his doctor again.C. She wants the man to attend the final with her.D. She hopes the man will be able to play in the final.8. A. He's angry. B. He feels sick.C. He gets on well with others. D. He prefers to study alone.9. A. It provides reading materials for waiting people.B. He had to wait a long time for a seat there.C. The seats used there are uncomfortable.D. He wasn't able to find a seat there.10. A. Go to the ballet later in the year. B. Take ballet lessons with his sister.C. Find a schedule of future performances. D. Get a ticket from his sister.Section BDirections: In Section B. you will hear two short passages several and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.A. Colleagues have face-to-face conversation with him.Colleagues in the same office email him at work.He has to use LinkedIn for work and jobs.He feel isolated from his family.12. A. Time travel. B. 3D printers. C. Internet of things. D.Fitness13. A. Curious. B. Doubtful. C. Uninterested. D. ConfidentQuestions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.A. A social trend. B. A writer. C. A shoe company. D. A bookA. New styles of shoes were developed.B.Designers started wearing the shoes.C. The company made efforts to advertise its shoes.D. Manhattan clubs promoted the shoes to the customer.16. A. They will spread much faster.B. Advertising campaigns stopped.C. Only a few people will notice them.D. Word-of-mouth marketing began to work.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Classmates. B. Roommates. C. Cousins. D. Colleagues.18. A. He couldn't decide on a topic for his paper.B. He hadn't heard from his family in a while.C. He thought the woman had been illD. He thought his paper was late.19. A. To classify different kinds of honey.B. To find their way back home.C. To locate favourite plants.D. To identify relatives.20. A. Write a paper. B. Visit his parents.C. Plan a family reunion. D. Observe bees m the lab.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Abdulrazak Gurnah is Awarded the 2021 Nobel Prize in LiteratureAbdulrazak Gurnah, 72, won the 2021 Nobel Prize in Literature. News of the award was greeted with excitement in Zanzibar. The Tanzanian writer, the first Black winner since Toni Morrison, ___21___(honor) for his “uncompromising and compassionate penetration of the effects of colonialism.”Growing up in Zanzibar, an archipelago off the coast of Tanzania, Abdulrazak Gurnah never considered the possibility ___22___he might one day be a writer. “It never occurred to me,” he said in an interview. “It wasn’t something you could say as you were growing up, ‘I want to be a writer.’” He assumed that he would become “something useful, like an engineer.”Gurnah was born in Tanzania in 1948 but moved to England at a young age. He has written 10 novels, including "Memory of Departure," and "Pilgrims Way" , many ___23___ ______ focus on the refugee experience.His 1994 novel "Paradise," which told the story of a boy growing up in Tanzania in the early 20th century, won the Booker Prize and marked his breakthrough as a novelist. His novel "Paradise" is set in colonial East Africa during the First World War. Many of his works explore ___24___ he has called "one of the stories of our times," the deep influence of migration both ___25___ people and the places they make their new homes.He has said he "stumbled（跌跌撞撞） into" writing after ___26___(arrive) in England as a way of exploring the emigrant experience -- both the loss and liberation.Gurnah's native language is Swahili, ___27___he writes in English. He is only the sixth Africa-born writer to be awarded the Nobel for literature. ___28___ it was founded in 1901, it has mostly been awarded to European and North American writers.Anders Olsson is chairman of the Nobel Committee for literature. He called Gurnah "one of the world's ___29___ (outstanding) post-colonial writers." He said it was significant that Gurnah's roots are in Zanzibar, ___30___ place that "was cosmopolitan long before globalization..."Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Why do kids never seem to get tired It's the age-old question asked by parents: Why do kids never seem to get tired Finally, science has an answer. According to a new study, most children have a metabolic rate __31__ to that of a well-trained endurance athlete, and they can recover from fatigue even faster.For the study, published in Frontiers in Physiology, researchers compared the metabolic and fatigue rates of three groups of participants: 8- to 10-year-old boys, __32__ adults, and nationally-ranked endurance athletes who compete in triathlons, marathons and cycling. Researchers compared the energy output and __33__ rates following exercise by __34__ heart rates, oxygen levels, and lactate-removal levels to see how quickly the participants recovered. Children __35__ adults in all of the tests.Step for step, researchers found that the kids burned more energy because they had to take more steps to cover a certain distance than their adult peers. They also tended to use less __36__ movements to complete each task. But the study found that the children overcame these obstacles with __37__ fatigue-resistant muscles that allowed them to recover quickly from high-intensity exercise.That's right, fatigue-resistant muscles.These results come as no __38__ to any parent who has ever __39__ on the couch after trying to keep up with kids at the playground. There's a reason why parents often joke about __40__ their kids' energy and selling it to make millions. And now, it seems, science finally agrees.efficient B. collapsed C. similar D. recovery E. seemingly F.surprise bottling H. unathletic I. randomly J.monitoring K.outperformedReading Comprehension (41 – 55题，每题1分；56 – 70题，每题2分；共45分)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The fact that people are no longer tied to specific places for functions such as studying or learning, says William Mitchell, a professor of architecture and computer science at MIT, means that there is “a huge drop in demand for traditional, private, enclosed spaces” such as offices or classrooms, and simultaneously “a huge rise in demand for semi-public spaces that can be informally appropriated to innovative work spaces”. This shift, he thinks, amounts to the biggest change in ___41___ in this century. In the 20th century architecture was about ___42___ structures—offices for working, cafeterias for eating, and so forth. This was necessary because workers needed to be near things such as landline phones, fax machines and filing cabinets.The new architecture, says Mr. Mitchell, will “make spaces intentionally ___43___ ”. Architects are thinking about light, air, trees and gardens, all in the service of human connections. Buildings will have much more ___44___ shapes than before. ___45___ , people working on laptops find it comforting to have their backs to a wall, so hybrid spaces may become curvier, with more nooks (角落，凹处), in order to maximize the surface area of their inner walls.This “___46___” is what separates successful spaces and cities from unsuccessful ones, says Anthony Townsend, an urban planner at the Institute for the Future, a think-tank. Almost any public space can ___47___ some of these features. For example, a not-for-profit organization in New York has ___48___ Bryant Park, a once-abandoned but charming garden in front of the city’s public library, into a hybrid space popular with office workers. The park’s managers noticed that a lot of visitors were using mobile phones and laptops in the park, so they installed Wi-Fi and added some chairs with fold-able lecture desks. The idea was not to distract people from the flowers but to let them ___49___ their little bit of the park.The academic name for such spaces is “third places”, a term originally coined by the sociologist Ray Oldenburg in his 1989 book, “The Great, Good Place”. At the time, long before mobile technologies became widespread, Mr. Oldenburg wanted to ___50___ between the sociological functions of people’s first places (their homes), their second places (offices) and the public spaces that ___51___ safe, neutral and informal meeting points. As Mr. Oldenburg saw it, a good third place makes admission free or cheap—the price of a cup of coffee, say—offers creature comforts, is within walking distance for a particular neighborhood and draws a group of ___52___ .As more ___63___ places pop up and spread, they also change entire cities. Just as buildings during the 20th century were specialized by ___54___ , towns were as well, says Mr. Mitchell. Suburbs were for living, downtowns for ___55___ and other areas for playing. But urban nomadism makes districts, like buildings, multifunctional. Parts of town that were monocultures, he says, gradually become “fine-grained mixed-use neighborhoods” more similar in human terms to pre-industrial villages than to modern suburbs.41. A. development B. architecture C. technology D. purpose42 A. specialized B. detailed C. outstanding D. unusual43. A. attractive B. cooperative C. multifunctional D. agreeable44. A. varied B. dynamic C. artificial D. patterned45. A. In addition B. For instance C. On the contrary D. Meanwhile46. A. orientation B. division C. flexibility D. simplicity47. A. justify B. convert C. ruin D. assume48. A. manufactured B. transformed C. introduced D. expanded49. A. customize B. overlook C. supervise D. review50. A. judge B. balance C. choose D. distinguish51. A. serve as B. originate from C. differ from D. integrate into52. A. applicants B. architects C. competitors D. regulars53. A. leisure B. public C. appealing D. third54. A. function B. concept C. organization D. block55. A. entertaining B. working C. socializing D. gatheringSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)"Everything happens for the best," my mother said whenever I faced disappointment. "If you can carry on, one day something good will happen. And you'll realize that it wouldn't have happened if not for that previous disappointment."Mother was right, as I discovered after graduating from college in 1932. I had decided to try for a job in radio, then work my way up to sports announcer. I hitchhiked（搭便车）to Chicago and knocked on the door of every station-and got turned down every time. In one studio, a kind lady told me that in most cases big stations couldn't risk hiring inexperienced person. "Go out in the remote areas and find a small station that will give you a chance," she said. I went back home to Dixon, Illinois.While there was no radio-announcing jobs in Dixon, my father said Montgomery Ward had opened a store and wanted a local athlete to manage its sports department. Since Dixon was where I had played high school football, I applied. The job sounded just right for me.But I wasn't hired. My disappointment must have shown. "Everything happens for the best," Mom reminded me. Dad offered me the car to hunt for jobs. I tried WOC Radio in Davenport, Iowa. The program director, a wonderful Scotsman named Peter MacArthur, told me they had already hired an announcer.As I left his office, my frustration boiled over. I asked aloud, "How can a fellow get to be a sport announcer if he can't get a job in a radio station " I was waiting for the elevator when I heard MacArthur calling, "What was that you said about sports Do you know anything about football " Then he stood me before a microphone and asked me to broadcast an imaginary game. The preceding autumn, my team had won a game in the last 20 seconds with a 65-yard run. I did a 15-minute boost to that play, and Peter told me I would be broadcasting Saturday’s game!On my way home, as I have many times since, I thought of my mother's words: "If you carry on, one day something good will happen. Something wouldn't have happened if not for that previous disappointment".56. The reason why the author wasn’t hired in Chicago was probably that____A. he showed no confidence at the stationsB. there were no job available at the stationsC. he had no experience in radio broadcastingD. there were too many people competing with him57. We learn from the passage that ____A. the frustration of the author prevented him from performing well at WOC RadioB. both of the author’s parents showed support when he was trying to search for a jobC. Peter MacArthur recognize the author’s talent in broadcasting after reading his resume.D. the author lost all his hope and courage when he was turned down by Montgomery Ward58. What was most likely the author’s attitude towards Peter MacArthur？A. He was worried that Peter wouldn’t believe in his abilityB. He was afraid that his loud inner clam would annoy PeterC. He was angry that Peter didn’t offer him a satisfying potentialD. He was grateful that Peter could notice his broadcasting potential59. What lesson can you learn from the author’s experience in the passage A. Well begun is half done B. Prevention is better than cureC. No cross, no crown D. Rome was not built in a day(B)Suppose you’re in a rush, feeling tired, not paying attention to your screen, and you send an email that could get you in trouble. Realization will probably set in seconds after you’ve clicked “send”. You freeze in horrors and burn with shame. What to do Here are four common email accidents, and how to recover.Clicking “send” too soonDon’t waste your time trying to find out if the receivers has read it yet. Write another email as swiftly as you can and send it with a brief explaining that this is the correct version and the previous version should be ignored.Writing the wrong timeThe sooner you notice, the better. Respond quickly and briefly, apologizing for your mistake. Keep the tone measured: don’t handle it too lightly, as people can be offended, especially if your error suggests a misunderstanding of their culture(i.e. incorrect ordering of Chinese names).Clicking “reply all” unintentionallyYou accidentally reveal to entire company what menu choices you would prefer at the staff Christmas dinner, or what holiday you’d like to take. In this instance, the best solution is to send a quick, light-hearted apology to explain your awkwardness. But it can quickly rise to something worse, when everyone starts hitting “reply all” to join in a long and unpleasant conversation. In this instance, step away from your keyboard to allow everyone to calm down.Sending an offensive message to its subjectThe most awkward email mistake is usually committed in anger. You write an unkind message about someone, intending to send it to a friend, but accidentally send it to the person you’re discussing. In that case, ask to speak in person as soon as possible and say sorry. Explain your frustrations calmly and sensibly—see it as an opportunity to clear up any difficulties you may have with this person.60. If you have written the wrong name in an email, it is best to _______.A. apologize in a serious manner B. tell the receiver to ignore the errorC. learn to write the name correctly D. send a short notice to everyone61. What should you do when an unpleasant conversation is started by your “reply all” email A. Try offering other choices. B. Avoid further involvement.C. Meet other staff members. D. Make a light-hearted apology.62. What is the passage mainly about A. Defining email errors. B. Reducing email mistakes.C. Handling email accidents. D. Improving email writing.(C)Two models have spoken out about the pressures they faced to stay skinny, shining a light on the continued body image issues faced by the fashion industry. Erin Heatherton, a former Victoria’s Secret model, has revealed that she was pressurized to lose weight by the fashion house.Model Rosie Nelson, who had a similar experience to Heatherton, adds that the issue is made more problematic by the disconnect between what the public think modeling involves and the reality of it. “People think it’s really glamorous and luxurious, with loads of freebies and getting paid millions. That’s mot the case. There’s an underlying pressure to stay thin and the thought that you will be rejected if your hips are too big.”She said the industry sees models as “interchangeable coat hangers”, writing that the key to success is the ability to stay a size 0-2 throughout your career. “Young models learn about it the hard way,” she wrote. “If an agency catches the smallest weight gain, you are measured, told to lose weight immediately and reprimanded.”Caryn Franklin, former co-editor of I-D magazine and currently professor of Diversity at Kingston University, says that there is a culture of denial around the issue meaning that the fashion industry does not see what effect it is having in the wider world. “Women are women who have been engaging with fashion since they were seven or eight years old have been taught to see themselves as an exterior.”Franklin adds that 30 years ago, models were shorter and bodies were more realistically proportioned. “Now the industry standard height is 5ft 11 in but the measurements that designers make to their samples haven’t changed. The taller model therefore is under pressure to reduce her body accordingly.”The testimony of Heatherton and Nelson comes days after a bill in California, aimed at reducing eating disorders among models, cleared its first legal hurdle. The bill, which requires the state to develop health standards for models in the state, passed the Assembly Labour and Employment Committee. “The goal of the bill is not only to protect the health of the workers themselves, but also to help young people to emulate the models,” said Democratic politician Marc Levine, who authored it.Last December, France banned excessively thin models, partly as a response to the death of Isabelle Caro, a 28-year-old model who died of an eating disorder (anorexia). In 2012, Israel passed a law banning underweight models, and Italy and Spain have taken similar measures. Nelson is hopeful that through a new generation of designers such as Nasir Mazhir, who streetcasts his models, there will be a change.63. Two models exposes a lifestyle characterized by[A] an unknown luxury.[B] extra benefits.[C] an enviable image.[D] extreme stress.64. It can inferred from Rosie Nelson’s remarks that models[A] are often treated with great severity.[B] no longer live under peer pressure.[C] pursue perfect physical conditions.[D] are only too eager to lose weight.65. The bill in California is mainly intended to[A] guide the followers of fashions.[B] promote the health of models.[C] set an example for other countries.[D] establish moral standards for models.66. From the text we learn that Nasir Mazhir[A] is particular about models.[B] poses a threat the industry.[C] would adopt new samples.[D] is obliged to abide by laws.Section CDirections: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Chinese paleontologists have identified at least two new species of massive dinosaurs that once wandered the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in northwestern China some 130 million years ago.The newly-revealed bones belonged to a group of long-necked plant-eating dinosaurs that include titanosaurs, according to the study published Thursday in the peer-reviewed journal Scientific Reports. ____67____. And the notable species like the Patagotitan mayorum estimated to be as long as 37 meters long.The two dinosaurs revealed in Thursday’s study are the first of their kind of be found in the Turpan-Hami Basin in Xinjiang. Their discovered adds to the evidence that the region hosted rich biodiversity during the Cretaceous period that ended some 66 million years ago, according to the researchers.Wang Xiaolin, the study’s lead author, told Sixth Tone that they unearthed the fossils between 2008 and 2016 in the vast areas of the Gobi Desert in the Turpan-Hami Basin. ____68____.“There are just so many pterosaur fossils in the region, even their eggs and embryos,” said Wang, a paleontologist at the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleo-anthropology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. “____69____. So we didn’t have the time to deal with the dinosaur bones discovered at the same time.”Although a large desert now, Wang assumed that the basin was once home to a huge lake and rich vegetation, supporting billions of prehistoric animals.One of the dinosaurs mentioned in the study, although incomplete, is thought to be of a large animal stretching over 20 meters. Researchers have named it Silutitan sinensis, after the ancient Silk Road trade route that crossed Xinjiang.____70____. The Hamititan is estimated to be at least 17 meters long, researchers said.“It’s very difficult to find complete fossils of large dinosaurs,” Wang said, explaining that the Gobi Desert’s environment weathers fossils quickly.Researchers also found several other dinosaur bones in the region, but the specimens offered scant information by which to be identified, according to die study.A. In some areas, you can find at least one sample per square meter.B. However, it was previously believed that that species had not spread to East Asia.C. Titanosaurs were among the largest dinosaurs known to have ever existed on Earth.D. Meanwhile, the second species has been named Hamititan xinjiangensis, after the city where the dinosaur was discovered.E. They were then digging fossils of pterosaurs, an extinct winged reptile that coexisted with dinosaurs millions of years ago.F. I’m convinced that more dinosaur fossils, including footprints, bones or eggs, could be discovered in the province in the future.IV. Summary Writing (10分)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Wish you were more creative Just pretend!One great irony about our collective obsession with creativity is that we tend to frame it in uncreative ways. That is to say, most of us marry creativity to our concept of self: Either we’re “creative” or we aren’t, without much of a middle ground.Dr. Pillay, a tech entrepreneur and an assistant professor at Harvard University, has spent a good chunk of his career subverting (使放弃) these ideas. He believes that the key to unlocking your creative potential is to defy the clichéd advice that urges you to “believe in yourself.” In fact, you should do the opposite: Believe you are someone else.Dr. Pillay points to a 2016 study demonstrating the impact of stereotypes (固定思维) on one’s behavior. The authors, educational psychologists Denis Dumas and Kevin Dunbar, divided their college-student subjects into three groups, instructing the members of one to think of themselves as “eccentric (古怪的) poets” and the members of another to imagine they were “rigid librarians” (the third group was the control). The researchers then presented all the participants with ten ordinary objects, including a fork, a carrot, and a pair of pants, and asked them to come up with as many different uses as possible for each one. Those who were asked to imagine themselves as eccentric poets came up with the widest range of ideas, whereas those in the rigid-librarian group had the fewest. Meanwhile, the researchers found only small differences in students’ creativity levels across academic majors. In fact, the physics majors inhabiting the personas of eccentric poets came up with more ideas than the art majors did.These results, write Dumas and Dunbar, suggest that creativity is not an individual trait but a “malleable (易适应的) product of context and perspective.” Everyone can be creative, as long as he or she feels like a creative person. Dr. Pillay’s work takes this a step further: He argues that simply identifying yourself as creative is less powerful than taking the bold, creative step of imagining you are somebody else. This exercise, which he calls psychological Halloweenism, refers to the conscious action of inhabiting another persona. An actor may employ this technique to get into character, but anyone can use it.Unfortunately, those ideas often get drowned out because most of us spend way too much time worrying, and about two things in particular: how successful/unsuccessful we are and how little we’re focusing on the task at hand. These twin worries feed on each other—an unfocused person is an unsuccessful one, we believe—and so we don’t allow our minds to wander into its quietly fertile fields._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________V. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 收到我的信之后， 他很快回复我了。(respond)河对面矗立着太阳之塔,在里面有一棵160英尺高的生命之树。(Across)3. 作为一个移民，我很难对当地的文化感同身受，但我要努力去适应新的环境。（it）4. 在教练的帮助下，他刻苦训练，严格自律，最终获得成功，这使队友们对他刮目相看。（end up）VI. Guided Writing （25分）Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的外国笔友John发邮件询问你双减政策实施以来你生活的变化，以及你对双减政策的评价。请根据以上两点回邮件，字数150左右。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2022年1月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海春考 英语仿真模拟试卷（一）Listening Comprehension Section A （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.A. A laundry staff member. B.A tailor for men's clothes.C. A telephone operator D. A mine worker2. A. Driving. B. Reading. C. Shopping. D. Walking.3. A. $15. B.$5. C.$10. D.S20.4. A. A yellow light B. A road accident C. A robbery. D. A TV programme.5. A. There will be too many people at the party.B. He feels sorry that the woman is not coming.C. It makes people happier to have more parties.D. The woman can bring her brother to the party.6. A. The woman could use his ruler.B. He's faster at doing calculations.C. He will finish the measurement soon.D. The woman’s ruler is better than his.7. A. The final begins next week.B. The man should check with his doctor again.C. She wants the man to attend the final with her.D. She hopes the man will be able to play in the final.8. A. He's angry. B. He feels sick.C. He gets on well with others. D. He prefers to study alone.9. A. It provides reading materials for waiting people.B. He had to wait a long time for a seat there.C. The seats used there are uncomfortable.D. He wasn't able to find a seat there.10. A. Go to the ballet later in the year. B. Take ballet lessons with his sister.C. Find a schedule of future performances. D. Get a ticket from his sister.Section BDirections: In Section B. you will hear two short passages several and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.A. Colleagues have face-to-face conversation with him.Colleagues in the same office email him at work.He has to use LinkedIn for work and jobs.He feel isolated from his family.12. A. Time travel. B. 3D printers. C. Internet of things. D.Fitness13. A. Curious. B. Doubtful. C. Uninterested. D. ConfidentQuestions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.A. A social trend. B. A writer. C. A shoe company. D. A bookA. New styles of shoes were developed.B.Designers started wearing the shoes.C. The company made efforts to advertise its shoes.D. Manhattan clubs promoted the shoes to the customer.16. A. They will spread much faster.B. Advertising campaigns stopped.C. Only a few people will notice them.D. Word-of-mouth marketing began to work.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Classmates. B. Roommates. C. Cousins. D. Colleagues.18. A. He couldn't decide on a topic for his paper.B. He hadn't heard from his family in a while.C. He thought the woman had been illD. He thought his paper was late.19. A. To classify different kinds of honey.B. To find their way back home.C. To locate favourite plants.D. To identify relatives.20. A. Write a paper. B. Visit his parents.C. Plan a family reunion. D. Observe bees m the lab.【答案】1~5.AACBD 6~10. ADBBD 11~15. BCADB 16~20. AADDAGrammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Abdulrazak Gurnah is Awarded the 2021 Nobel Prize in LiteratureAbdulrazak Gurnah, 72, won the 2021 Nobel Prize in Literature. News of the award was greeted with excitement in Zanzibar. The Tanzanian writer, the first Black winner since Toni Morrison, ___21___(honor) for his “uncompromising and compassionate penetration of the effects of colonialism.”Growing up in Zanzibar, an archipelago off the coast of Tanzania, Abdulrazak Gurnah never considered the possibility ___22___he might one day be a writer. “It never occurred to me,” he said in an interview. “It wasn’t something you could say as you were growing up, ‘I want to be a writer.’” He assumed that he would become “something useful, like an engineer.”Gurnah was born in Tanzania in 1948 but moved to England at a young age. He has written 10 novels, including "Memory of Departure," and "Pilgrims Way" , many ___23___ ______ focus on the refugee experience.His 1994 novel "Paradise," which told the story of a boy growing up in Tanzania in the early 20th century, won the Booker Prize and marked his breakthrough as a novelist. His novel "Paradise" is set in colonial East Africa during the First World War. Many of his works explore ___24___ he has called "one of the stories of our times," the deep influence of migration both ___25___ people and the places they make their new homes.He has said he "stumbled（跌跌撞撞） into" writing after ___26___(arrive) in England as a way of exploring the emigrant experience -- both the loss and liberation.Gurnah's native language is Swahili, ___27___he writes in English. He is only the sixth Africa-born writer to be awarded the Nobel for literature. ___28___ it was founded in 1901, it has mostly been awarded to European and North American writers.Anders Olsson is chairman of the Nobel Committee for literature. He called Gurnah "one of the world's ___29___ (outstanding) post-colonial writers." He said it was significant that Gurnah's roots are in Zanzibar, ___30___ place that "was cosmopolitan long before globalization..."【答案】21.was honored 22. that 23.of which 24.what 25.on26.arriving 27.but 28.Since 29.most outstanding 30. a【解析】21.was honored 考查时态语态。句意：他因“对殖民主义的影响毫不妥协且富有同情心的洞察”而获奖。故填过去时的被动语态was honored。22. that 考查同位语从句。这里that引导的同位语从句，对前面possibility的内容进行解释说明，此处的连词that通常不可省略。23.of which 考查非限制定语从句名词从句。句意：他写了10部小说，其中大都是关注难民的经历。24.what 考查名词从句。what引导名词从句，意为“……的事情”。25.on 考查介词。influence on 对……的影响。26.arriving 考查非谓语。after doing 做了……之后。27.but 考查连词。母语是Swahili，但用英语写作，转折关系，用but连接。28.Since 考查时间状语从句。句意：自从它成立于1901年，大部分被授予欧洲和北美的作家。29.most outstanding 考查形容词比较等级。根据句意，Olsson称古纳为后殖民时代“最杰出的”作家之一，表示“最杰出”，用最高级。30. a考查冠词。句意：一个“早在全球化之前就具有世界性”的地方。是前文Zanzibar同位语，补充说明作用。Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Why do kids never seem to get tired It's the age-old question asked by parents: Why do kids never seem to get tired Finally, science has an answer. According to a new study, most children have a metabolic rate __31__ to that of a well-trained endurance athlete, and they can recover from fatigue even faster.For the study, published in Frontiers in Physiology, researchers compared the metabolic and fatigue rates of three groups of participants: 8- to 10-year-old boys, __32__ adults, and nationally-ranked endurance athletes who compete in triathlons, marathons and cycling. Researchers compared the energy output and __33__ rates following exercise by __34__ heart rates, oxygen levels, and lactate-removal levels to see how quickly the participants recovered. Children __35__ adults in all of the tests.Step for step, researchers found that the kids burned more energy because they had to take more steps to cover a certain distance than their adult peers. They also tended to use less __36__ movements to complete each task. But the study found that the children overcame these obstacles with __37__ fatigue-resistant muscles that allowed them to recover quickly from high-intensity exercise.That's right, fatigue-resistant muscles.These results come as no __38__ to any parent who has ever __39__ on the couch after trying to keep up with kids at the playground. There's a reason why parents often joke about __40__ their kids' energy and selling it to make millions. And now, it seems, science finally agrees.efficient B. collapsed C. similar D. recovery E. seemingly F.surprise bottling H. unathletic I. randomly J.monitoring K.outperformed【答案】31.C 32.H 33.D 34.J 35.K 36. A 37.E 38.F 39.B 40.G【解析】【31题详解】考查形容词。句意：根据一项新的研究，大多数孩子的新陈代谢率与训练有素的耐力运动员相似，而且他们能更快地从疲劳中恢复过来。similar to 做后置定语，修饰a metabolic rate，故填C。【32题详解】考查构词法知识，加前缀，词的派生。句意：研究人员比较了三组参与者的新陈代谢率和疲劳率: 8到10岁的男孩，不爱运动的成年人，以及参加三项全能、马拉松和自行车比赛的国家级耐力运动员。unathletic 名词形容词化，再加上了前缀-un，变为反义词，译为“不爱运动的”，故填H。【33题详解】考查名词。句意：研究人员比较了运动后的能量输出和恢复率，通过监测心率、氧气水平和乳酸消除水平来观察参与者恢复的速度。故填D。【34题详解】考查构词法知识，一词多性，词的转化。句意：研究人员比较了运动后的能量输出和恢复率，通过监测心率、氧气水平和乳酸消除水平来观察参与者恢复的速度。monitor译为“监测”，by后面需接动名词形式，故填J。【35题详解】考查动词与构词法知识，词的合成。句意：孩子在所有的测试中都优于成年人。outperformed 译为“表现超出”，故填K。【36题详解】考查形容词。句意：他们也倾向于使用不那么有效率的动作来完成每个任务。此处需用形容词修饰后面名词movements，故填A。【37题详解】考查副词。句意：但是研究发现，孩子们克服这些障碍的时候，似乎有抗疲劳的肌肉，使他们能够快速恢复。副词seemingly“似乎”修饰后面形容词fatigue-resistant“ 抗疲劳的 ”，故填E。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：这些结果出现表明对于任何曾经在操场上试图跟上孩子们的步伐而后倒在沙发上的父母来说都不足为奇。故填E。【39题详解】考查动词。句意：这些结果出现表明对于任何曾经在操场上试图跟上孩子们的步伐而后倒在沙发上的父母来说都不足为奇。此处collapsed， (尤指劳累后)坐下，躺下放松，故填B。【40题详解】考查构词法知识，一词多性，词义的转化。句意：父母经常开玩笑说，把孩子的能量装进瓶子里，然后把它卖出去赚几百万，这是有原因的。现在，科学似乎终于同意了。bottling 此处用作动词，“用瓶子装”，在介词about之后，需动名词形式。故填G。Reading Comprehension (41 – 55题，每题1分；56 – 70题，每题2分；共45分)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The fact that people are no longer tied to specific places for functions such as studying or learning, says William Mitchell, a professor of architecture and computer science at MIT, means that there is “a huge drop in demand for traditional, private, enclosed spaces” such as offices or classrooms, and simultaneously “a huge rise in demand for semi-public spaces that can be informally appropriated to innovative work spaces”. This shift, he thinks, amounts to the biggest change in ___41___ in this century. In the 20th century architecture was about ___42___ structures—offices for working, cafeterias for eating, and so forth. This was necessary because workers needed to be near things such as landline phones, fax machines and filing cabinets.The new architecture, says Mr. Mitchell, will “make spaces intentionally ___43___ ”. Architects are thinking about light, air, trees and gardens, all in the service of human connections. Buildings will have much more ___44___ shapes than before. ___45___ , people working on laptops find it comforting to have their backs to a wall, so hybrid spaces may become curvier, with more nooks (角落，凹处), in order to maximize the surface area of their inner walls.This “___46___” is what separates successful spaces and cities from unsuccessful ones, says Anthony Townsend, an urban planner at the Institute for the Future, a think-tank. Almost any public space can ___47___ some of these features. For example, a not-for-profit organization in New York has ___48___ Bryant Park, a once-abandoned but charming garden in front of the city’s public library, into a hybrid space popular with office workers. The park’s managers noticed that a lot of visitors were using mobile phones and laptops in the park, so they installed Wi-Fi and added some chairs with fold-able lecture desks. The idea was not to distract people from the flowers but to let them ___49___ their little bit of the park.The academic name for such spaces is “third places”, a term originally coined by the sociologist Ray Oldenburg in his 1989 book, “The Great, Good Place”. At the time, long before mobile technologies became widespread, Mr. Oldenburg wanted to ___50___ between the sociological functions of people’s first places (their homes), their second places (offices) and the public spaces that ___51___ safe, neutral and informal meeting points. As Mr. Oldenburg saw it, a good third place makes admission free or cheap—the price of a cup of coffee, say—offers creature comforts, is within walking distance for a particular neighborhood and draws a group of ___52___ .As more ___63___ places pop up and spread, they also change entire cities. Just as buildings during the 20th century were specialized by ___54___ , towns were as well, says Mr. Mitchell. Suburbs were for living, downtowns for ___55___ and other areas for playing. But urban nomadism makes districts, like buildings, multifunctional. Parts of town that were monocultures, he says, gradually become “fine-grained mixed-use neighborhoods” more similar in human terms to pre-industrial villages than to modern suburbs.41. A. development B. architecture C. technology D. purpose42 A. specialized B. detailed C. outstanding D. unusual43. A. attractive B. cooperative C. multifunctional D. agreeable44. A. varied B. dynamic C. artificial D. patterned45. A. In addition B. For instance C. On the contrary D. Meanwhile46. A. orientation B. division C. flexibility D. simplicity47. A. justify B. convert C. ruin D. assume48. A. manufactured B. transformed C. introduced D. expanded49. A. customize B. overlook C. supervise D. review50. A. judge B. balance C. choose D. distinguish51. A. serve as B. originate from C. differ from D. integrate into52. A. applicants B. architects C. competitors D. regulars53. A. leisure B. public C. appealing D. third54. A. function B. concept C. organization D. block55. A. entertaining B. working C. socializing D. gathering【答案】 41-45. BACAB 46-50. CDBAD 51-55. ADDAB【解析】文章介绍了现代工作环境设施以及设计背后的理念。41. A. development发展B. architecture 建筑风格C. technology技术D. purpose目的，从后一句In the 20th century architecture was about...可知是建筑风格的变化。42. A. specialized专门的B. detailed详细的C. outstanding突出的D. unusual不同寻常的，从下文offices for working, cafeterias for eating, and so forth看出是专门的建筑结构。43. A. attractive吸引人的B. cooperative合作的C. multifunctional多功能的D. agreeable非常愉快的，从下文all in the service of human connections看出是多功能设计。44. A. varied各种各样的B. dynamic动态的C. artificial人工的D. patterned有图案的，从下文with more nooks看出是多种形状的。45. A. In addition此外B. For instance举例C. On the contrary相反D. Meanwhile同时，下文是一个具体实例，因此选择B。46. A. orientation定向B. division部分C. flexibility灵活性D. simplicity简便性，从this和上文with more nooks判断出这里选择设计的多样性和灵活性。47. A. justify证明...正确B. convert转化C. ruin毁灭 D. assume假定，承担，根据后面文中的实例判断可以采用这些特点，选择D。48. A. manufactured建设B. transformed转变C. introduced引进D. expanded膨胀，扩大，根据后文into判断转变成。49. A. customize自定义B. overlook忽视C. supervise监督D. review复习，根据上文so they installed Wi-Fi and added some chairs with foldable lecture desks判断，这是自定义公园的行为，选择A。50. A. judge判断B. balance平衡C. choose选择D. distinguish分辨，根据下文，第一空间和第二空间的罗列，判断选择“区分三种空间”。51. A. serve as充当B. originate from起源于C. differ from与...不同D. integrate into合并，从下文 safe, neutral and informal meeting points判断充当会面点。52. A. applicants 申请人 B. architects建筑师C. competitors竞争者D. regulars常客，从上文一系列便民的设计判断，吸引的是常客的到来。53. A. leisure空闲B. public公众C. appealing吸引人的D. third第三，根据上文判断选择第三方空间。54. A. function功能 B. concept 概念 C. organization组织D. block街区，根据本文的大意，多功能建筑，可以判断选择A。55. A. entertaining娱乐 B. working工作 C. socializing社交 D. gathering搜集，根据郊区用来生活，可判断downtowns市中心用来工作。Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)"Everything happens for the best," my mother said whenever I faced disappointment. "If you can carry on, one day something good will happen. And you'll realize that it wouldn't have happened if not for that previous disappointment."Mother was right, as I discovered after graduating from college in 1932. I had decided to try for a job in radio, then work my way up to sports announcer. I hitchhiked（搭便车）to Chicago and knocked on the door of every station-and got turned down every time. In one studio, a kind lady told me that in most cases big stations couldn't risk hiring inexperienced person. "Go out in the remote areas and find a small station that will give you a chance," she said. I went back home to Dixon, Illinois.While there was no radio-announcing jobs in Dixon, my father said Montgomery Ward had opened a store and wanted a local athlete to manage its sports department. Since Dixon was where I had played high school football, I applied. The job sounded just right for me.But I wasn't hired. My disappointment must have shown. "Everything happens for the best," Mom reminded me. Dad offered me the car to hunt for jobs. I tried WOC Radio in Davenport, Iowa. The program director, a wonderful Scotsman named Peter MacArthur, told me they had already hired an announcer.As I left his office, my frustration boiled over. I asked aloud, "How can a fellow get to be a sport announcer if he can't get a job in a radio station " I was waiting for the elevator when I heard MacArthur calling, "What was that you said about sports Do you know anything about football " Then he stood me before a microphone and asked me to broadcast an imaginary game. The preceding autumn, my team had won a game in the last 20 seconds with a 65-yard run. I did a 15-minute boost to that play, and Peter told me I would be broadcasting Saturday’s game!On my way home, as I have many times since, I thought of my mother's words: "If you carry on, one day something good will happen. Something wouldn't have happened if not for that previous disappointment".56. The reason why the author wasn’t hired in Chicago was probably that____A. he showed no confidence at the stationsB. there were no job available at the stationsC. he had no experience in radio broadcastingD. there were too many people competing with him57. We learn from the passage that ____A. the frustration of the author prevented him from performing well at WOC RadioB. both of the author’s parents showed support when he was trying to search for a jobC. Peter MacArthur recognize the author’s talent in broadcasting after reading his resume.D. the author lost all his hope and courage when he was turned down by Montgomery Ward58. What was most likely the author’s attitude towards Peter MacArthur？A. He was worried that Peter wouldn’t believe in his abilityB. He was afraid that his loud inner clam would annoy PeterC. He was angry that Peter didn’t offer him a satisfying potentialD. He was grateful that Peter could notice his broadcasting potential59. What lesson can you learn from the author’s experience in the passage A. Well begun is half done B. Prevention is better than cureC. No cross, no crown D. Rome was not built in a day【答案】56. C 57. B 58. D 59. C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己找工作所遇到的挫折，正好印证了作者母亲曾经说过的话“如果你坚持下去，总有一天会有好事发生。你会意识到，如果没有以前的挫折就不会有现在的一切。”【56题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的In one studio, a kind lady told me that in most cases big stations couldn't risk hiring inexperienced person. 可知，他被拒绝的原因可能是没有工作经验，故选C。【57题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的"Everything happens for the best," Mom reminded me. Dad offered me the car to hunt for jobs. 可知，作者的父母都非常支持作者找工作，故选B。【58题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段On my way home, as I have many times since, I thought of my mother's words: "If you carry on, one day something good will happen 可知，作者对Peter MacArthur是感激的，故选D。【59题详解】推理判断题。根据作者的经历及文章最后一段的Something wouldn't have happened if not for that previous disappointment可知 ，作者的经历让我们懂得：没有苦难，就没有成功，故选C。A. Well begun is half done 良好的开端是成功的一半； B. Prevention is better than cure与其补救于已然，不如防止于未然；C. No cross, no crown 没有苦难，就没有成功；D.Rome was not built in a day 罗马不是一天建成的。(B)Suppose you’re in a rush, feeling tired, not paying attention to your screen, and you send an email that could get you in trouble. Realization will probably set in seconds after you’ve clicked “send”. You freeze in horrors and burn with shame. What to do Here are four common email accidents, and how to recover.Clicking “send” too soonDon’t waste your time trying to find out if the receivers has read it yet. Write another email as swiftly as you can and send it with a brief explaining that this is the correct version and the previous version should be ignored.Writing the wrong timeThe sooner you notice, the better. Respond quickly and briefly, apologizing for your mistake. Keep the tone measured: don’t handle it too lightly, as people can be offended, especially if your error suggests a misunderstanding of their culture(i.e. incorrect ordering of Chinese names).Clicking “reply all” unintentionallyYou accidentally reveal to entire company what menu choices you would prefer at the staff Christmas dinner, or what holiday you’d like to take. In this instance, the best solution is to send a quick, light-hearted apology to explain your awkwardness. But it can quickly rise to something worse, when everyone starts hitting “reply all” to join in a long and unpleasant conversation. In this instance, step away from your keyboard to allow everyone to calm down.Sending an offensive message to its subjectThe most awkward email mistake is usually committed in anger. You write an unkind message about someone, intending to send it to a friend, but accidentally send it to the person you’re discussing. In that case, ask to speak in person as soon as possible and say sorry. Explain your frustrations calmly and sensibly—see it as an opportunity to clear up any difficulties you may have with this person.60. If you have written the wrong name in an email, it is best to _______.A. apologize in a serious manner B. tell the receiver to ignore the errorC. learn to write the name correctly D. send a short notice to everyone61. What should you do when an unpleasant conversation is started by your “reply all” email A. Try offering other choices. B. Avoid further involvement.C. Meet other staff members. D. Make a light-hearted apology.62. What is the passage mainly about A. Defining email errors. B. Reducing email mistakes.C. Handling email accidents. D. Improving email writing.【答案】60. A 61. B 62. C【解析】这是一篇说明文，作者就如何处理四种常见的邮件事故提出了自己的建议。【60题详解】细节理解题。由Writing the wrong time中的 “The sooner you notice, the better. Respond quickly and briefly, apologizing for your mistake.don’t handle it too lightly, as people can be offended, especially if your error suggests a misunderstanding of their culture(i.e. incorrect ordering of Chinese names).” 可知，你越早注意到，越好。快速简短地回应，为你的错误道歉。保持适度的语气:不要太轻率处理，因为人们可能会被冒犯，尤其是如果你的错误暗示了对他们文化的误解(即中文名字的顺序不正确)。 所以如果邮件上写错了名词，最好的方式是道歉。故A选项正确。【61题详解】细节理解题。由Clicking “reply all” unintentionally中的“ In this instance, step away from your keyboard to allow everyone to calm down”可知，当你的“回复全部”邮件引发不愉快的对话时，你应该避免进一步介入，远离键盘，让每个人都冷静下来。故B选项正确。【62题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者就如何处理四种常见的邮件事故提出了自己的建议。这些都是围绕着“处理电子邮件事故”而展开的。故C选项正确。(C)Two models have spoken out about the pressures they faced to stay skinny, shining a light on the continued body image issues faced by the fashion industry. Erin Heatherton, a former Victoria’s Secret model, has revealed that she was pressurized to lose weight by the fashion house.Model Rosie Nelson, who had a similar experience to Heatherton, adds that the issue is made more problematic by the disconnect between what the public think modeling involves and the reality of it. “People think it’s really glamorous and luxurious, with loads of freebies and getting paid millions. That’s mot the case. There’s an underlying pressure to stay thin and the thought that you will be rejected if your hips are too big.”She said the industry sees models as “interchangeable coat hangers”, writing that the key to success is the ability to stay a size 0-2 throughout your career. “Young models learn about it the hard way,” she wrote. “If an agency catches the smallest weight gain, you are measured, told to lose weight immediately and reprimanded.”Caryn Franklin, former co-editor of I-D magazine and currently professor of Diversity at Kingston University, says that there is a culture of denial around the issue meaning that the fashion industry does not see what effect it is having in the wider world. “Women are women who have been engaging with fashion since they were seven or eight years old have been taught to see themselves as an exterior.”Franklin adds that 30 years ago, models were shorter and bodies were more realistically proportioned. “Now the industry standard height is 5ft 11 in but the measurements that designers make to their samples haven’t changed. The taller model therefore is under pressure to reduce her body accordingly.”The testimony of Heatherton and Nelson comes days after a bill in California, aimed at reducing eating disorders among models, cleared its first legal hurdle. The bill, which requires the state to develop health standards for models in the state, passed the Assembly Labour and Employment Committee. “The goal of the bill is not only to protect the health of the workers themselves, but also to help young people to emulate the models,” said Democratic politician Marc Levine, who authored it.Last December, France banned excessively thin models, partly as a response to the death of Isabelle Caro, a 28-year-old model who died of an eating disorder (anorexia). In 2012, Israel passed a law banning underweight models, and Italy and Spain have taken similar measures. Nelson is hopeful that through a new generation of designers such as Nasir Mazhir, who streetcasts his models, there will be a change.63. Two models exposes a lifestyle characterized by[A] an unknown luxury.[B] extra benefits.[C] an enviable image.[D] extreme stress.64. It can inferred from Rosie Nelson’s remarks that models[A] are often treated with great severity.[B] no longer live under peer pressure.[C] pursue perfect physical conditions.[D] are only too eager to lose weight.65. The bill in California is mainly intended to[A] guide the followers of fashions.[B] promote the health of models.[C] set an example for other countries.[D] establish moral standards for models.66. From the text we learn that Nasir Mazhir[A] is particular about models.[B] poses a threat the industry.[C] would adopt new samples.[D] is obliged to abide by laws.【答案】63. C 64. A 65. B 66. C【解析】文章来源:《卫报》 两位模特谈到了她们所面临的瘦身压力，揭露了时尚产业所面临的形体外貌的问题。63. [D]。考查考生把握重要细节信息的能力。根据题目顺序，本题出处定位在第一、二段。“希瑟顿被迫减轻体重”(第一段：pressurised)。“罗西·尼尔森也有相似的经历，有保持体形的潜形压力”(第二段：an underlying pressure)。对比四个备选，可确定选项D是模特生活的最大特点。64. [A]。考查考生把握言外之意的推理能力。根据专有名词Rosie Nelson提示，出处定位在第二、三段。根据文章，“如果臂部太大，将被抛弃”(第二段：rejected)。“模特被视为‘通用的晾衣架’”(第三段：coat hangers)，“公司只要瞥见模特体重增加，模特就受到检测、被命令马上减肥，甚至受到责骂”(第三段：reprimanded)。据此，确定选项[A]是最佳推测。即：常常受到苛刻的对待。65. [B]。考查考生把握重要细节信息的能力。根据题干关键词The bill in Californian提示，定位至第六段。根据文章，“法案目的在于减少模特的饮食疾病”(aimed at reducing eating disorders)，“要求该州制定模特的健康标准”(develop health standards)，“保护模特的健康”。据此，确定选项[B]为最佳答案。66. [C]。考查考生把握言外之意的推理能力。根据题干关键词Nasir Mazhir，可将出处定位在第七段。根据文章，“尼尔森希望，在纳赛尔 马哲尔那样一代新的设计师的努力下，(超瘦形体的现状）将有变化”(change)，原因是“马哲尔在大街上取样”(streetcast)，这样做便摒弃了以前的标准。其实，关于模特样本过时的字样在第五段就有说明。这些内容的言外之意便是选项[C]的表述。Section CDirections: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Chinese paleontologists have identified at least two new species of massive dinosaurs that once wandered the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in northwestern China some 130 million years ago.The newly-revealed bones belonged to a group of long-necked plant-eating dinosaurs that include titanosaurs, according to the study published Thursday in the peer-reviewed journal Scientific Reports. ____67____. And the notable species like the Patagotitan mayorum estimated to be as long as 37 meters long.The two dinosaurs revealed in Thursday’s study are the first of their kind of be found in the Turpan-Hami Basin in Xinjiang. Their discovered adds to the evidence that the region hosted rich biodiversity during the Cretaceous period that ended some 66 million years ago, according to the researchers.Wang Xiaolin, the study’s lead author, told Sixth Tone that they unearthed the fossils between 2008 and 2016 in the vast areas of the Gobi Desert in the Turpan-Hami Basin. ____68____.“There are just so many pterosaur fossils in the region, even their eggs and embryos,” said Wang, a paleontologist at the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleo-anthropology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. “____69____. So we didn’t have the time to deal with the dinosaur bones discovered at the same time.”Although a large desert now, Wang assumed that the basin was once home to a huge lake and rich vegetation, supporting billions of prehistoric animals.One of the dinosaurs mentioned in the study, although incomplete, is thought to be of a large animal stretching over 20 meters. Researchers have named it Silutitan sinensis, after the ancient Silk Road trade route that crossed Xinjiang.____70____. The Hamititan is estimated to be at least 17 meters long, researchers said.“It’s very difficult to find complete fossils of large dinosaurs,” Wang said, explaining that the Gobi Desert’s environment weathers fossils quickly.Researchers also found several other dinosaur bones in the region, but the specimens offered scant information by which to be identified, according to die study.A. In some areas, you can find at least one sample per square meter.B. However, it was previously believed that that species had not spread to East Asia.C. Titanosaurs were among the largest dinosaurs known to have ever existed on Earth.D. Meanwhile, the second species has been named Hamititan xinjiangensis, after the city where the dinosaur was discovered.E. They were then digging fossils of pterosaurs, an extinct winged reptile that coexisted with dinosaurs millions of years ago.F. I’m convinced that more dinosaur fossils, including footprints, bones or eggs, could be discovered in the province in the future.【答案】67. C 68. E 69. A 70. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了中国古生物学家在新疆境内新发现两种大型恐龙骨骼，他们的发现进一步证明，该地区在大约6600万年前结束的白垩纪时期拥有丰富的生物多样性。【67题详解】该空上一句“The newly-revealed bones belonged to a group of long-necked plant-eating dinosaurs that include titanosaurs, according to the study published Thursday in the peer-reviewed journal Scientific Reports.( 根据周四发表在同行评审期刊《科学报告》上的研究，新发现的骨骼属于一组长颈食草恐龙，其中包括泰坦龙)”提到新发现骨骼其中之一是泰坦龙，C项内容表示泰坦龙是是地球上已知的体型最大的恐龙之一，下一句“And the notable species like the Patagotitan mayorum estimated to be as long as 37 meters long.(而像Patagotitan mayorum这样著名的物种估计长达37米)，继续例举大型恐龙的体长数据，所以C项内容契合上下文。故选C项。【68题详解】根据上文“Wang Xiaolin, the study’s lead author, told Sixth Tone that they unearthed the fossils between 2008 and 2016 in the vast areas of the Gobi Desert in the Turpan-Hami Basin.( 该研究的主要作者王晓林告诉《Six Stone》，他们在2008年至2016年期间在吐鲁番-哈密盆地戈壁沙漠的广大地区发掘了这些化石)”，考古人员在隔壁发现恐龙化石，E项中then承接上文表示他们之后继续发掘pterosaurs翼龙，而下文“There are just so many pterosaur fossils in the region, even their eggs and embryos(该地区有很多翼龙化石，甚至包括它们的卵和胚胎)”继续提到该地区有翼龙化石，所以E项内容承上启下，符合语境。故选E项。【69题详解】根据上一句“There are just so many pterosaur fossils in the region, even their eggs and embryos(该地区有很多翼龙化石，甚至包括它们的卵和胚胎)”提到该地区有那么多so many翼龙化石，A项内容表示几乎每个平方米范围内就能发现一个样本，对应上文中的so many。故选A项。【70题详解】上文“One of the dinosaurs mentioned in the study, although incomplete, is thought to be of a large animal stretching over 20 meters. Researchers have named it Silutitan sinensis, after the ancient Silk Road trade route that crossed Xinjiang.(研究中提到的一种恐龙，虽然不完整，但被认为是一种伸展超过20米的大型动物。研究人员将其命名为Silutitan sinensis，以穿越新疆的古代丝绸之路贸易路线命名)”D项中the second species 呼应上文中的one of…，Hamititan xinjiangensis与下一句对Hamititan的继续描写“The Hamititan is estimated to be at least 17 meters long, researchers said”呼应。故选D项。IV. Summary Writing (10分)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Wish you were more creative Just pretend!One great irony about our collective obsession with creativity is that we tend to frame it in uncreative ways. That is to say, most of us marry creativity to our concept of self: Either we’re “creative” or we aren’t, without much of a middle ground.Dr. Pillay, a tech entrepreneur and an assistant professor at Harvard University, has spent a good chunk of his career subverting (使放弃) these ideas. He believes that the key to unlocking your creative potential is to defy the clichéd advice that urges you to “believe in yourself.” In fact, you should do the opposite: Believe you are someone else.Dr. Pillay points to a 2016 study demonstrating the impact of stereotypes (固定思维) on one’s behavior. The authors, educational psychologists Denis Dumas and Kevin Dunbar, divided their college-student subjects into three groups, instructing the members of one to think of themselves as “eccentric (古怪的) poets” and the members of another to imagine they were “rigid librarians” (the third group was the control). The researchers then presented all the participants with ten ordinary objects, including a fork, a carrot, and a pair of pants, and asked them to come up with as many different uses as possible for each one. Those who were asked to imagine themselves as eccentric poets came up with the widest range of ideas, whereas those in the rigid-librarian group had the fewest. Meanwhile, the researchers found only small differences in students’ creativity levels across academic majors. In fact, the physics majors inhabiting the personas of eccentric poets came up with more ideas than the art majors did.These results, write Dumas and Dunbar, suggest that creativity is not an individual trait but a “malleable (易适应的) product of context and perspective.” Everyone can be creative, as long as he or she feels like a creative person. Dr. Pillay’s work takes this a step further: He argues that simply identifying yourself as creative is less powerful than taking the bold, creative step of imagining you are somebody else. This exercise, which he calls psychological Halloweenism, refers to the conscious action of inhabiting another persona. An actor may employ this technique to get into character, but anyone can use it.Unfortunately, those ideas often get drowned out because most of us spend way too much time worrying, and about two things in particular: how successful/unsuccessful we are and how little we’re focusing on the task at hand. These twin worries feed on each other—an unfocused person is an unsuccessful one, we believe—and so we don’t allow our minds to wander into its quietly fertile fields._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考答案】Many people regard themselves either creative or not creative. Yet, experts proved creativity is not a personal quality and could be gained in specified situations. Another expert believes people could get creative by pretending to be someone else. But most people fail to do so because they care so much about success, forcing themselves to focus all the time. (59 words)【文本解析】1. Main idea这是一篇说明文。哈佛大学副教授Pillay博士引用前人的实验结果，提出了训练创造力的方法——假装自己是另一个人。该实验证明，创造力不是一个人的属性，而是在不同情境和角度下可调节的产物。Pillay博士进而指出，创造力可以通过练习获得。文章详细介绍了该实验的过程、发现和结论。文章最后指出人们之所以不能产生有创意的点子，是因为人们过于在乎成功，过于专注眼前事，而让我们的大脑不能放松。2. Text structure全文可以划分为三个部分：①第一部分：普通民众对是否具备创造力的观念。②-④第二部分：哈佛大学副教授Pillay博士在前人实验结果的基础上提出了训练创造力的方法。⑤第三部分：人们为什么不能产生有创意的点子。3. Mind mapV. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 收到我的信之后， 他很快回复我了。(respond)【答案】1. He responded to me soon after receiving my letter.【1题详解】考查动词用法和时态及状语从句。分析句子可知，动作发生在过去要用一般过去时。主语为 He，谓语为responded。after引导时间状语从句在主从句主语一致的情况下可以进行省略，为after（he is） receiving my letter.再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：He responded to me soon after receiving my letter.河对面矗立着太阳之塔,在里面有一棵160英尺高的生命之树。(Across)【答案】Across the river stands the Tower of the Sun, in which there is a 160 feet tall tree of life./inside which lives a 160-foot-tall tree of Life. / and there is a 160 feet tall tree of life inside it.【2题详解】考查完全倒装句译法及数词修饰名词的表达。分析句子可知，Across the river位于句首，需要完全倒装，行为动词在主语前。“一棵160英尺高的生命之树”两种译法， a 160 feet tall tree of life或a 160 feet tall tree of life，后面句子可以译为非限制定语从句，即inside/in which lives a 160-foot-tall tree of Life. 也可译为并列句，即：and there is a 160 feet tall tree of life inside it. 同时需注意：“太阳之塔”为专用名词，实词部分首字母要大写，还有定冠词不能少，即the Tower of the Sun。故整句翻译为：Across the river stands the Tower of the Sun, in which there is a 160 feet tall tree of life./inside which lives a 160-foot-tall tree of Life. / and there is a 160 feet tall tree of life inside it.3. 作为一个移民，我很难对当地的文化感同身受，但我要努力去适应新的环境。（it）【答案】Being an immigrant, I find it hard to identify with the local culture but I will do my best to adapt myself to the new environment.【3题详解】考查it做形式宾语用法和非谓语及固定短语译法。分析句子可知，主语为 I，“作为一个移民”可以使用非谓语来引出，翻译为 Being an immigrant, 短语“感同身受”译成identify with.... ; 短语“适应”译成adapt myself to。故翻译为：Being an immigrant, I find it hard to identify with the local culture but I will do my best to adapt myself to the new environment.4. 在教练的帮助下，他刻苦训练，严格自律，最终获得成功，这使队友们对他刮目相看。（end up）【答案】With the help of the coach, he practised hard, maintained self-disciplined, and ended up achieving success, which made his teammates deeply impressed. /see him in a new light/look at him with different eyes .【4题详解】考查动词，介词短语及定语从句。表达：在某人的帮助下，英语用with the help of sb；表达：教练，英语用the coach；表达：刻苦训练，英语用practise hard；表达：严格自律，英语用maintain self-disciplined；表达：最终获得成功，英语用end up achieving success；使某人刮目相看，英语用 make sb. deeply impressed/see sb in a new light/look at sb with different eyes ；表达：他的队友，英语用his teammates。“在教练的帮助下，他刻苦训练，严格自律，最终获得成功，”这是句子的主干；“这使队友们对他刮目相看，”这是补充其他人对他的看法，因此可翻译为非限制性定语从句对主干内容进行补充，which指代前面整个句子，在定语从句中作主语。整句陈述过去的事实，要用一般过去时。故整句翻译为：With the help of the coach, he practised hard, maintained self- disciplined, and ended up achieving success, which made his teammates deeply impressed . /see him in a new light/look at him with different eyes .VI. Guided Writing （25分）Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的外国笔友John发邮件询问你双减政策实施以来你生活的变化，以及你对双减政策的评价。请根据以上两点回邮件，字数150左右。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考答案】Dear John, Nice to hear from you. It’s really a piece of welcome news that the policy of ＂double-lightening the burden＂ has been carried out in our country. You sent me an email inquiring about changes in my life since the policy is conducted and my assessment of the policy. Below is dramatic shift after "double-lightening the burden" policy. Prior to the policy, we suffered from enormous amounts of assignments, both from the school and training institutions, which meant staying up late into the night was a commonplace. Undoubtedly, this deprived us of our precious sleep time, thus posing a threat to our physical and mental health. Thanks to the policy, teachers now reduce their assignments and training schools close down at weekends, which afford us plenty of spare time when we can pursue our hobbies and recreations or go in for regular physical workout. Personally, I sing high praise for this policy because my academic burden is reduced significantly and I am now allowed to set aside more time in whatever I am really keen on. Nevertheless, we students have to deal with the new challenge of making the best of their time after school to better balance our academic performance and extracurricular activities. Only by this way can we acquire comprehensively and healthily physical and mental development.Yours,Lihua附：听力文字稿：Listening Comprehension

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